The technologies being deployed in 5G New Radio mean that radio sites are significantly more complex than they were in previous generations of technology. It means, for example, up to 64×64 multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) and active antenna systems being installed, which require additional fiber installation at the cell site and a familiarity with new connection types, such as multi-push-on (MPO) fiber connectors and breakout cables that lead to multiple quad small form-factor pluggables, or QSFPs, according to Kashif Hussain, director of solutions marketing for Viavi Solutions. That complexity is leading to issues with site installation, he said.
